Are you preparing for the Lok Sewa Aayog (Public Service Commission) Section Officer exam (शाखा अधिकृत)? Success in the second paper- Governance Systems (शासन प्रणाली) —requires a deep understanding of core administrative structures, legal foundations, and contemporary civil service dynamics.
To help you guide your preparation strategy, we have compiled the actual questions from the recent Gazetted Third Class (Non-Technical), Section Officer or equivalent competitive written examination (Second Paper).
Reviewing these section officer exam questions will help you understand the examiner’s expectations, mark distributions, and core topics that you need to master.
💡 Why Section Officer Exam Past Question Matter
Studying section officer exam past questions gives you a real edge – understanding the marking scheme, Nepali/English bilingual format, and expected answer depth is crucial to scoring well.
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Exam Overview
- Organized By: Lok Sewa Aayog (Public Service Commission), Nepal
- Level: Gazetted Third Class, Non-Technical (Section Officer or equivalent)
- Paper: Second Paper (द्वितीय पत्र)
- Subject: Governance Systems (शासन प्रणाली)
- Full Marks: 100
- Time: 3 Hours
The answers to the following questions must be written in separate answer sheets according to the Section.
Section – A ——————————— 30 Marks
1. विश्वमा प्रचलित प्रमुख शासन प्रणालीहरूको संक्षिप्त परिचय दिनुहोस् । नेपालले अवलम्बन गरेको सङ्घीय शासन प्रणालीका आधारभूत पक्षहरू उल्लेख गर्दै मुलुकमा सङ्घीय शासन प्रणाली स्थापना गर्नुका प्रमुख उद्देश्यहरू प्रस्तुत गर्नुहोस् । (3+3+4=10)
Provide a brief introduction to the major governance systems practiced in the world. Mention the fundamental aspects of the federal governance system adopted by Nepal, and outline the main objectives behind the establishment of the federal governance system in Nepal.
2. सूचनाको हक भन्नाले के बुझिन्छ ? सूचनाको हकको अवश्यकता र सूचनाको हकमा अंकुश लगाउनु पर्ने कारणहरू लेख्नुहोस् । (5+5=10)
What is meant by Right to Information? Write the need for Right to Information and reasons for restricting the limitations on the Right to Information.
3. निर्वाचित राजनीतिक नेतृत्व र स्थायी निजामती सेवाबीचको अन्तरसम्बन्ध (Interrelationship) बारे विश्लेषण गर्नुहोस् । प्रत्येकको विशिष्ट भूमिका र विशेषज्ञताले नीति निर्माण र कार्यान्वयनको प्रक्रियामा कसरी योगदान पुऱ्याउँछ ? स्पष्ट पार्नुहोस् ।
Analyze the Interrelationship between elected political leadership and the permanent civil service. How do the distinct roles and expertise of each of these contribute to the process of policy making and implementation? Clarify.
Section – B ——————————— 20 Marks
4. मानव अधिकारका सिद्धान्तहरू र यसका मान्यताहरू उल्लेख गर्दै नेपालमा मानव अधिकारको कार्यान्वयनमा देखिएका चुनौतीहरू प्रस्तुत गर्नुहोस् । (6+4=10)
Explaining the principles of Human Rights and their values and mention the challenges being observed in the implementation of Human Rights in Nepal.
5. कानूनका स्रोतहरूको बारेमा उल्लेख गर्दै नेपालमा कानून निर्माणका विधि र प्रक्रिया प्रस्तुत गर्नुहोस् । कानून निर्माणमा जन-सहभागिता कसरी सुनिश्चित गरिन्छ ? व्याख्या गर्नुहोस् । (3+3+4=10)
Stating the sources of law, mention the law making methods and processes in Nepal? How public participation is ensured in law making process? Explain.
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Section – C ——————————— 30 Marks
6. सङ्घीय शासन प्रणालीको अवलम्बन पश्चात् सार्वजनिक सेवामा सुधारका साथसाथै सार्वजनिक सेवाहरू नागरिक नजिक पुऱ्याउने प्रयासका बाबजुद सार्वजनिक सेवा प्रवाह किन अपेक्षाकृत रूपमा प्रभावकारी हुन सकिरहेको छैन ? यसो हुनुका कारणहरूको पहिचान गर्दै सार्वजनिक सेवालाई अझ प्रभावकारी बनाउन अवलम्बन गर्नुपर्ने व्यवहारिक उपायहरू प्रस्तुत गर्नुहोस् । (3+3+4=10)
Following the adoption of the federal system of governance, despite efforts to improve public services bring closer to the people, why have public service delivery not been effective as expected? Identifying the reasons behind this situation, mention practical measures that should be adopted to make public services more effective.
7. विद्युतीय शासनका प्रमुख पक्षहरू र यसका फाइदाहरू उल्लेख गर्नुहोस् । नेपालमा विद्युतीय शासनलाई प्रभावकारीरूपमा कार्यान्वयन गर्ने सम्बन्धमा देखिएका प्रमुख समस्याहरू र त्यसको समाधानका लागि व्यवहारिक उपायहरू प्रस्तुत गर्नुहोस् । (2+3+5=10)
State the major aspects of e-governance and its advantages. Mention the main problems and practical measures for its solutions to the effective implementation of e-governance in Nepal.
8. नेपालको सङ्घीयतामा भएको संक्रमणले सङ्घीय, प्रादेशिक र स्थानीय तहरूमा नीति निर्माण गर्ने अख्तियारीलाई आधारभूतरूपमा पुनःसंरचना गरेको छ । नेपालको नयाँ सङ्घीय संरचनामा नीति समन्वय (Policy Coordination) का चुनौतीहरू उल्लेख गर्नुहोस् । स्वायत्तताको सम्मान गर्दै सुसंगतता (Coherence) कसरी कायम गर्न सकिन्छ ? व्याख्या गर्नुहोस् । (5+5=10)
Nepal’s transition to federalism has fundamentally re-structured policy making authority across federal, provincial and local levels. Mention the challenges of policy coordination in Nepal’s new federal structure. How can coherence be maintained while respecting autonomy? Explain.
Section – D ——————————— 20 Marks
9. मानव संसाधन व्यवस्थापनका प्रमुख कार्यहरू संक्षिप्तमा उल्लेख गर्नुहोस् । निजामती सेवामा मानव संसाधन व्यवस्थापन (Human Resource Management) ले सामना गर्नु परेका मुख्य-मुख्य चुनौतीहरू उल्लेख गर्दै ती चुनौतीहरू सम्बोधन गर्ने व्यवहारिक उपायहरू प्रस्तुत गर्नुहोस् । (2+4+4=10)
Outline the key functions of human resource management. Describe the major challenges being faced in managing human resources within the civil service, and mention the practical measures to address these challenges.
10. मानव संसाधन व्यवस्थापनका प्रमुख कार्यहरू संक्षिप्तमा उल्लेख गर्नुहोस् । निजामती सेवामा मानव संसाधन व्यवस्थापन (Human Resource Management) ले सामना गर्नु परेका मुख्य-मुख्य चुनौतीहरू उल्लेख गर्दै ती चुनौतीहरू सम्बोधन गर्ने व्यवहारिक उपायहरू प्रस्तुत गर्नुहोस् । (3+3+4=10)
Outline the key functions of human resource management. Describe the major challenges being faced in managing human resources within the civil service, and mention the practical measures to address these challenges.
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